Ringfort (Rath), Monintown, Co. Westmeath

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Monintown, Co. Westmeath

A few hundred metres from the shores of Lough Derravaragh, a low but legible circle interrupts the pasture of Monintown in County Westmeath.

It is not dramatic in the way ruined towers or collapsed gables can be dramatic, but it has a quieter kind of strangeness: the outline of a settlement that was functioning well over a thousand years ago, still readable in the grass.

The site is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, which was the standard form of enclosed farmstead in early medieval Ireland, typically dating from roughly the fifth to the twelfth century. They were built by families of some standing, the enclosing bank and ditch serving as much as a marker of status as a practical defence for livestock. This particular example is sub-circular, measuring approximately 49 metres north to south and 44 metres east to west. The earthen bank survives well along the western to northern to eastern arc, but has been almost completely levelled on the opposite side. Outside the bank sits a wide, deep, flat-bottomed fosse, the technical term for the surrounding ditch, which is best preserved at the north and has been quarried away along the south-eastern and southern stretches. An entrance gap, about four metres wide, opens at the east-north-east. The interior is not flat; it slopes from west-south-west down toward the east-north-east, and faint cultivation ridges running in the same direction suggest that at some point after the fort fell out of use, the enclosed ground was turned over to tillage. A field fence, almost certainly post-1700 given its straight northwest-to-southeast alignment, cuts across the site, a reminder that the land has been continuously managed and modified by people with no particular interest in preserving what lay beneath their feet.

Lough Derravaragh, sitting just 180 metres to the north-east, is a lake with its own deep layer of mythology, most famously associated with the legend of the Children of Lir, who were said to have spent three hundred years on its waters. The proximity of the rath to that shoreline is probably practical rather than poetic; fertile ground near fresh water was exactly what an early medieval farming family would have sought out.

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