Ringfort (Rath), Na Cluainte, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Na Cluainte, Co. Kerry

On the low-lying ground to the south-south-east of Smerwick Harbour in County Kerry, there is a ringfort that no longer exists.

By the early 2000s it had been destroyed, leaving behind only its footprint on Ordnance Survey maps and the memory of those who knew the land. What the maps recorded was a roughly circular univallate enclosure, meaning a single-banked earthwork of the kind built across Ireland during the early medieval period, typically as a farmstead or place of habitation. The landowner's recollection suggested the bank may have had some revetment walling along its inner face, stone used to stabilise and retain the earthen rampart, though nothing of this survives to be seen.

What makes the site more than simply a lost monument is the underground archaeology that surfaced here in two separate episodes. In the 1920s, during the removal of a heap of stones, workers uncovered a circular stone structure roughly three metres in diameter. From it, an underground passage, about ninety centimetres wide and equally deep, led away into the ground. A souterrain of this kind, a roofed subterranean gallery typically built for storage or refuge, is a fairly common companion to early Irish ringforts, but what came out of this one was less ordinary: a small holed stone, the kind of object noted by O'Sullivan in 1931. Its purpose is unrecorded. More intriguingly, a larger souterrain had apparently been found earlier, on the same farm but on the other side of a field boundary. Whether the two passages were separate structures or branches of a single more elaborate system has never been established with certainty.

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