Ringfort (Rath), Na Cúla, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Na Cúla, Co. Kerry

In a pasture field overlooking the Emlaghmore river valley and Ballinskelligs Bay, there is a ringfort that does not appear on Ordnance Survey maps and is known locally not as a rath but as a ceallúnach, a term that in Irish tradition often denotes a small, unconsecrated burial ground.

That local name alone suggests this enclosure carried a weight beyond the ordinary in the minds of the people who lived alongside it, even as the field boundary that now bisects the site has quietly erased much of what once stood on its western side.

What survives east of that boundary is modest but precise. The enclosing bank, faced with drystone on both its inner and outer surfaces, averages about 1.3 metres wide and reaches a maximum external height of half a metre. Within the surviving arc, which has an internal diameter of 16.5 metres north to south, there is something that immediately distinguishes this site from a typical ringfort: a carefully arranged area, roughly 12 metres by 7 metres, of upright stone slabs set out in neat rows. A low L-shaped bank, just over 6 metres long, runs immediately west of this arrangement and may represent the foundations of a building. Whether the slabs themselves are the remains of grave markers, structural elements, or something else is not recorded. Just outside and south of the enclosure, on the western side of the dividing field boundary, a souterrain opens through a south-facing lintelled entrance measuring 65 centimetres wide and 25 centimetres high. A souterrain is an underground passage or chamber, typically of early medieval date, often associated with ringforts and used for storage or refuge. The passage here extends northward with earthen sides and a lintelled roof, though access into it has not been possible.

The combination of elements at Na Cúla, the ambiguous local name, the rows of upright slabs, and the souterrain sitting just beyond the enclosure's edge, makes this a site that resists easy classification. It was surveyed as part of the wider archaeological record of the Iveragh Peninsula in South Kerry, a region whose coastline and interior hold an unusual density of early medieval remains, and it repays careful attention from anyone already exploring that landscape.

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