Ringfort (Rath), Newcastle, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Ringforts
At the top of a low knoll in County Mayo, ringed by hawthorn, blackthorn, and brambles so dense they have begun to reclaim the interior, a ringfort sits quietly above the surrounding landscape of undulating pasture and flat bog.
The encroaching scrub is almost appropriate: ringforts, known in Irish as raths, were typically the enclosed farmsteads of early medieval families, and the boundary between use and abandonment has always been gradual at these sites. Here, the transition is visible in the fabric of the place itself.
The rath is a raised circular area, roughly 21.5 metres across on its north to south axis, defined by a stony scarp that survives to about 1.2 metres on the north-west side but has worn down to as little as 0.55 metres at the south-east. A slightly raised internal lip, around 1.6 metres wide, runs along parts of the inner edge, suggesting the original bank was once more substantial. A gap of about two metres at the south-east may mark the original entrance, though the passage has since been widened and softened by farm stock moving through over generations. The interior is strewn with loose stones, and at its centre sits an oval pit, roughly 1.5 metres long and 0.8 metres deep, with a small stony mound raised beside it. The function of this central feature is not recorded, but pits and mounds within ringfort interiors are not unusual, and have been variously associated with storage, souterrains (underground passages used for refuge or keeping food cool), or later disturbance. The eastern arc of the enclosing scarp is particularly eroded, giving the structure an asymmetric, almost half-dissolved quality when viewed from that side.