Ringfort (Rath), Newdown, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Ringforts
On a low rise in the gently rolling pasture of County Westmeath, there is a place that is easier to trace on a nineteenth-century map than on the ground itself.
What was once a rath, an early medieval ringfort of the kind that served as a farmstead and enclosure for an Irish family perhaps fifteen hundred years ago, has been so thoroughly worn down by later use that its outline survives now only in fragments: a short scarp on the western side, a vague suggestion of an earthen edge curving from south-east around to south-west, and a modern field fence cutting straight across what would have been the interior.
The site was clear enough in 1837 to be marked as a fort on the Ordnance Survey Fair Plan map of that year, and the six-inch OS map produced around the same time depicted it as an oval earthwork measuring roughly forty metres north to south and thirty-five metres east to west. That is a fairly typical size for a rath, which in its original form would have consisted of a raised circular or oval enclosure defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches. By 1970, when the monument was formally described, things had deteriorated considerably. The western scarp still stood to about one and a half metres in height, with a modern trench cut at its base, but the rest of the perimeter had become difficult to read. The likely cause of the loss was quarrying: the underlying rock appears to have been extracted, taking much of the monument's structure with it. The site sits on good vantage ground with wide views in all directions, which is characteristic of many ringforts, positioned as they were to allow observation of the surrounding landscape.