Ringfort (Rath), Oughtagh, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Ringforts
Sitting in level grassland in Oughtagh, County Galway, this nearly circular earthwork is the kind of feature that rewards a second look.
At roughly 29 metres east to west and 28 metres north to south, it is well-preserved by the standards of its type, its original form still legible in the landscape despite the attentions of later land management.
The site is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, a class of enclosed settlement that was built and used predominantly during the early medieval period, roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries. Thousands once existed across Ireland; they served as farmsteads for families of varying social rank, the enclosing bank and external fosse (a ditch dug around the outside of the bank) providing both a degree of physical security and a visible marker of status. Here, the fosse survives along the northern, eastern, and southern arcs of the enclosure, giving a clear sense of the original defensive arrangement. The western portion tells a different story: a field bank, probably constructed at some point during the historical farming of the land, overlies the original enclosing element from the south-south-west around through west to north, absorbing part of the ancient structure into a more recent agricultural boundary. Several gaps in the surviving bank appear to be modern intrusions rather than original entrances, a reminder that working farmland and archaeology have long negotiated an uneasy coexistence.