Ringfort (Rath), Pallas (Kenry By.), Co. Limerick

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Pallas (Kenry By.), Co. Limerick

The entrance is blocked.

Loose stones fill what was once a 2.5-metre gap in the bank, and briars have taken the interior. This ringfort in Pallas, in the old barony of Kenry in County Limerick, has quietly withdrawn from use, and yet the earthwork itself remains a legible thing, a circular enclosure roughly 29 metres across that has been sitting in the same low rise of undulating pasture for well over a thousand years. What is immediately striking is the disproportion between inside and outside: the bank reads only 0.65 metres high from within, but from the exterior it rises to 2.8 metres, a deliberate engineering effect that gave the enclosed space a sense of seclusion while presenting a more imposing face to the world beyond.

Ringforts, known in Irish as raths when formed from earthen banks, were the most common type of settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically dating from roughly the sixth to the twelfth century. They served as enclosed farmsteads, the bank and any accompanying ditch providing protection for a family, their livestock, and their stores. The Pallas example follows the standard circular plan, but a few details complicate the picture. The bank along the western arc is the best preserved section, while the eastern side has been absorbed into a field boundary running on a north-north-east to north-north-west axis, the kind of gradual incorporation that happens when a landscape is continuously farmed across many generations. Inside the south-western quadrant, there is a trench, 1.35 metres wide and 0.45 metres deep, running five metres along an east-west axis. Its purpose is not recorded in the survey compiled by Denis Power and uploaded in August 2011, and without excavation it is difficult to say whether it is an original feature, a later disturbance, or something in between.

The site sits in working pasture, so access would depend on landowner permission. Mature deciduous trees have grown up around the interior verge, which means the outline of the fort is actually easier to read from a slight distance, where the tree canopy traces the circular form against the sky. The blocked entrance at the south-south-east is still identifiable despite the infill of loose stones. Visitors with an interest in field archaeology will find the external height of the bank the most immediately informative thing about it, giving a clear sense of how these enclosures were designed to be seen, and to keep things out.

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Pete F
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