Ringfort (Rath), Paristown, Co. Westmeath

Co. Westmeath |

Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Paristown, Co. Westmeath

On a ridge in County Westmeath, an ancient enclosure sits in a state of quiet asymmetry, its two concentric earthen banks surviving unevenly above the surrounding landscape.

What makes this particular rath, or ringfort, slightly unusual is not its age but its proportions and the selective survival of its features. Where most ringforts are roughly circular, this one is distinctly oval, measuring approximately 32 metres across its longer north-west to south-east axis and only 17 metres across the shorter north-east to south-west span.

Ringforts are among the most common monuments in the Irish countryside, numbering in the tens of thousands nationally, and most date from the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries. They served as enclosed farmsteads, the banks and ditches offering protection for a family, their livestock, and their small buildings within. This example follows the classic double-bank construction, with two raised earthen and stone walls separated by a shallow fosse, the term for the ditch dug between defensive or enclosing banks. The fosse remains legible on the south-east, west, and northern sides, while the outer bank has survived most clearly on the north-west to north-north-east arc and again from the south-east around to the south-west. An entrance gap on the south-east side marks where people and animals would once have passed in and out, a detail that tells us something about the orientation chosen by whoever built it, likely favouring the drier or more sheltered approach to the ridge.

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