Ringfort (Rath), Pollnamal, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Pollnamal, Co. Galway

On a south-facing slope in the grassland of Pollnamal in County Galway, there is a ringfort that has almost entirely ceased to exist.

What makes it quietly arresting is not what you can see but what you cannot. The first edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map, produced in the nineteenth century, recorded a circular enclosure roughly 35 metres in diameter, the kind of earthwork that would once have enclosed a family farmstead during the early medieval period. Today, almost nothing of it remains above ground.

The sole surviving evidence is a slight kink in a field boundary and, immediately to its south, a short stretch of flat-bottomed, steep-sided fosse. A fosse is simply a ditch, cut to define and defend the perimeter of an enclosure, and this one curves from the west through north to north-northeast before the trace fades entirely. The ringfort itself, known in Irish as a rath, would originally have consisted of one or more earthen banks with an accompanying fosse, enclosing a domestic space for a farming household. Thousands were built across Ireland between roughly the sixth and twelfth centuries, and the majority that survive do so as low earthen banks in pasture. This one in Pollnamal did not survive that far. The landscape absorbed it, leaving only that faint geometric irregularity in the field edge as a clue that something deliberate once stood here.

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Pete F
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