Ringfort (Rath), Raheen, Co. Wicklow
Co. Wicklow |
Ringforts
On an east to south-east facing slope in County Wicklow, at a point where the ground breaks its gradient, a circular earthwork sits quietly in the landscape with no visible entrance and no obvious sign of what once went on inside.
That absence is itself curious. Most ringforts, the enclosed farmsteads built across Ireland roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries, betray at least a gap in their banks where a gate or passage once stood. Here, nothing of the sort survives, leaving the structure legible in its form but mute about its function and its daily life.
The ringfort is bivallate, meaning it has two concentric lines of defence rather than the single bank more commonly encountered across the Irish countryside. The inner earthen bank measures between four and seven and a half metres wide, rising between one point two and two metres above the interior ground level. Outside that sits a fosse, the term for the ditch from which the bank material was originally dug, running three and a half to four metres wide and nearly two metres deep in places. Beyond the fosse, a second, narrower outer bank, between two and two and a half metres wide, runs around the northern, eastern, and southern arcs of the enclosure. The overall diameter of the site is forty-two metres. The decision to build two banks and a ditch rather than one speaks to either status or anxiety, possibly both; in early medieval Ireland, the elaborateness of a ringfort's defences often reflected the social standing of whoever lived within it.