Ringfort (Rath), Rathbane, Co. Wicklow

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Rathbane, Co. Wicklow

By the time the Ordnance Survey's cartographers came back to map this part of County Wicklow in 1907, something curious had happened.

The neat circular enclosure they had recorded on their 1838 six-inch map had been reinterpreted, on paper at least, as a small rectangular field. The earthwork itself had not moved, but the way people chose to see and record it had shifted entirely, which is perhaps the most telling thing about how quietly these ancient features can slip in and out of human attention.

The site at Rathbane sits on a gently west-facing slope, looking down towards a stream valley, and it takes the form of an oval bank of earth and stone, roughly two metres wide and enclosing an area measuring approximately 22.5 metres from northwest to southeast and 27.25 metres from northeast to southwest. It is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, the type of enclosed farmstead that was built across Ireland in enormous numbers during the early medieval period, broadly between the fifth and twelfth centuries. Typically a rath would be defined by one or more earthen banks, sometimes accompanied by a fosse, which is a ditched depression dug just outside the bank, and would show clear evidence of an entrance gap. This example is notable for the absence of all three: no fosse has been identified, no definite entrance survives, and the interior shows no trace of the structures that would once have stood within it. Whether those features were never prominent or have simply been erased by centuries of agricultural use is impossible to say from what remains on the surface.

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