Ringfort (Rath), Rathfreedy, Co. Limerick

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Rathfreedy, Co. Limerick

What looks from a distance like a slightly raised, scrubby circle in a Limerick pasture turns out, on closer inspection, to be a remarkably intact piece of early medieval Ireland.

The rath at Rathfreedy sits on a gentle south-facing slope, its circular enclosure still clearly defined after well over a thousand years, the earthwork banks and surrounding ditch holding their shape against the slow pressure of agriculture and time.

A rath is a ringfort, the most common type of early medieval settlement monument in Ireland, typically consisting of a raised circular area enclosed by one or more earthen banks with a ditch outside. At Rathfreedy, the enclosure measures 42 metres in diameter. The inner bank rises just 0.75 metres above the interior, but the outer face stands a more imposing 2 metres above the base of the external fosse, the ditch that runs around the outside. That fosse is 1.3 metres deep and 1.8 metres wide, giving the whole structure a quietly defensive profile. A gap of 2 metres through the bank on the north-east side almost certainly marks the original entrance. A modern field boundary has been laid out roughly 2 metres beyond the outer edge of the fosse, suggesting that at some point a farmer recognised, or at least respected, where the monument ended. The site was recorded by Denis Power and uploaded to the national record in August 2011.

The interior rewards a slow look. Beneath the rough grazing and occasional scrub, low corrugations run across the ground, almost certainly the remains of cultivation ridges, indicating that at some point after the rath fell out of use as a settlement enclosure, someone was farming the sheltered interior. The site sits within ordinary working farmland, so access would require the usual courtesies extended to private land in rural Ireland. The earthworks are most readable in low winter or early spring light, when shadows pick out the corrugations inside and the profile of the bank and ditch becomes easier to read from the field edge.

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Pete F
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