Ringfort (Rath), Rathreagh More, Co. Limerick

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Rathreagh More, Co. Limerick

Most of Ireland's ringforts are obvious enough once you know what you're looking at, but the rath at Rathreagh More is the kind of site that rewards patience and a certain willingness to read a landscape carefully.

It sits in ordinary pasture on a gentle slope facing south-south-east, and at first glance it looks much like the surrounding farmland. The marshy ground immediately to the south-south-west is perhaps the first hint that something deliberate was once arranged here, water and earthwork working together in ways that were rarely accidental.

A ringfort, or rath, is an enclosed farmstead of early medieval Ireland, typically a circular area bounded by one or more earthen banks and ditches, built to shelter a farming family and their livestock. The example at Rathreagh More is roughly circular, measuring approximately 30.5 metres north to south and 28 metres east to west. It is enclosed by an earthen bank with an external fosse, which is the term for the ditch dug to provide material for the bank and to add a further line of defence or demarcation. The bank itself is modest in scale, rising around 0.65 metres on the interior face and 0.7 metres on the exterior, and it has not survived entirely intact. Along the north-north-east to east-south-east arc, cattle have eroded it considerably, while along the south-south-east to south-south-west section it has been absorbed into an existing field boundary. A gap of around 2.1 metres in the south-west portion of the bank may represent the original entrance. The fosse remains visible from south-west to south-east, though it becomes barely perceptible as it continues around to the north-north-west. The interior is level and currently under pasture. The site was recorded by Denis Power and an aerial photograph was taken in March 2006.

For a visitor, the site requires a degree of attentiveness. The earthworks are low and much of the bank has been compromised by agricultural use over generations, so the overall form is best appreciated either from elevated ground nearby or, ideally, from an aerial perspective. The south-western section, where the fosse remains more legible and the possible entrance gap survives, is the most informative area to examine on the ground. The marshy ground to the south-south-west is worth noting as a landscape feature that would have influenced the original siting. As with many such monuments still in active farmland, it is important to respect field boundaries and seek landowner permission before approaching.

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