Ringfort (Rath), Rathsillagh, Co. Kildare
Co. Kildare |
Ringforts
Somewhere in the agricultural landscape of County Kildare, a barely perceptible rise in a field marks the outline of a life once lived inside an earthen enclosure. The site at Rathsillagh is easy to miss, which is partly what makes it worth knowing about. A raised circular platform, roughly forty metres across and just one metre high, sits at the top of a long, gently sloping pasture that faces east, and what remains of its boundary is a patchwork of two different moments in time, one layered quietly over the other.
A rath is an early medieval ringfort, the most common type of archaeological monument surviving in the Irish countryside. These circular enclosures, defined by earthen banks and ditches, were typically farmsteads, home to a single family and their livestock. At Rathsillagh, the enclosing boundary survives in two distinct forms. Along the southern to western to north-eastern arc, a low overgrown scarp, a gradual eroded slope where a bank once stood more sharply, still traces the original perimeter. Along the north-eastern to eastern to south-south-eastern arc, a later field bank now does the work, and it may well incorporate the material of an older enclosing bank beneath or within it. In other words, a farmer at some later point, laying out field boundaries, may have unknowingly followed, or deliberately reused, the line of the original ringfort wall. The placename itself reinforces the site's age: Rathsillagh preserves the Irish word ráth, meaning a ringfort or enclosed settlement, suggesting the earthwork was prominent enough, and old enough, to name the land around it.