Ringfort (Rath), Rathtrim, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Ringforts
A roughly Z-shaped depression in the ground is not usually the most dramatic feature of an early medieval enclosure, but at this ringfort in Rathtrim, County Westmeath, it may be the most telling.
The depression occupies the north-western half of the interior and is thought to be a collapsed souterrain, an underground passage or chamber typically cut into subsoil or rock, used in early medieval Ireland for storage and possibly refuge. The earthwork itself sits on a low rise in undulating pasture, with open views to the north and north-east, while higher ridges close in from the south and south-west.
The site is roughly circular, measuring around 32.5 metres in diameter, and was described in detail in 1980 as a bank that has been worn down to a scarp along much of its circuit. There is no visible entrance surviving, and no outer fosse, the defensive ditch that often accompanies monuments of this type. What complicates the picture further is that an old field boundary, running north-east to south-west, cuts straight through the monument, bisecting it in a way already visible on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1837 and still recorded on the revised twenty-five-inch edition of 1913. This means the ringfort has been divided by agricultural activity for well over two centuries, with additional field banks extending from the outer face at the north-west and a second boundary cutting into the scarp at the north-north-west. The eastern half of the interior is level and offers no obvious surface features. Old cultivation ridges and small rock outcrops in the surrounding fields suggest the landscape around the monument has a long and layered history of use.