Ringfort (Rath), Shanvally, Co. Mayo

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Ringfort (Rath), Shanvally, Co. Mayo

What makes this particular patch of County Mayo pasture worth recording is precisely the fact that almost nothing remains.

The rath at Shanvally, known locally as Lissard, was levelled sometime in the late 1970s or early 1980s, and the ground has since given back very little evidence that anything was ever there. A slight undulation along the natural break of slope to the south-southwest and west is about all that survives, and even that may be coincidental. The Trimoge River runs about 280 metres to the east, and the site occupies a low rise with open views in most directions, which would have been exactly the kind of position a rath builder sought out.

A rath is an early medieval enclosed farmstead, typically circular and defined by an earthen bank and ditch, within which a family and their livestock would have lived. The Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1838 recorded Lissard as a circular embanked enclosure measuring roughly 35 to 40 metres in diameter. By the time the 25-inch map was produced, the record showed it as considerably larger, a subcircular or roughly polygonal shape somewhere between 55 and 60 metres across, outlined by a solid line. Then, on the 1931 six-inch revision, it is simply gone from the cartographic record. Whether that absence reflects actual destruction before 1931 or merely a change in surveying priorities is not entirely clear. Local tradition also held that Lissard contained a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage or chamber often associated with raths and thought to have served as a place of refuge or storage. No physical trace of one has been confirmed.

There is, in truth, nothing to see at Shanvally today. Its interest lies elsewhere, in the gap between what the maps once recorded and what the land now shows, and in the fact that a named, remembered place with its own local tradition was quietly erased within living memory.

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Pete F
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