Ringfort (Rath), Shigaunagh, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Shigaunagh, Co. Galway

What makes the ringfort at Shigaunagh quietly unusual is not its outer form but what lies within it.

Most raths, the earthen or stone-banked enclosures that once served as farmsteads for early medieval Irish families, present a single enclosed space. This one divides itself. An internal bank runs roughly from north-east to south-west across the interior, splitting the monument into two distinct levels, with the south-eastern portion sitting about 1.2 metres lower than the north-western side. That deliberate internal terracing is not a common feature, and it gives the site a more complex character than its modest setting in level Galway farmland might suggest.

The enclosure itself is roughly circular, about 49 metres in diameter, and defined by a bank of earth and stone that remains well-preserved. A gap approximately 3 metres wide at the east-north-east may be an original entrance, which would have been the threshold through which livestock and people passed daily. When a researcher named Wheeler examined the site in 1974, there was still a fosse, the drainage or defensive ditch that typically ran outside a rath's bank, along with faint traces of a second, outer bank to the south. Neither feature has left any visible surface trace since, absorbed back into the field over the intervening decades. What persists is the main enclosure and its interior division, enough to read the basic plan of a small agricultural settlement that was already ancient when the Normans arrived in Connacht.

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