Ringfort (Rath), Simonstown, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Ringforts
A ringfort that does not appear on any Ordnance Survey map, neither the 1837 six-inch edition nor the revised 1913 twenty-five-inch edition, has a particular kind of anonymity about it.
This one, on the north-eastern end of a low ridge in undulating pasture near Simonstown in County Westmeath, slipped through the cartographic record entirely, its outline too worn and fragmentary to register as anything definite to the surveyors who passed through.
Ringforts, known in Irish as raths, were typically enclosed farmsteads of the early medieval period, defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches and used as defended homesteads by farming families. At Simonstown, the enclosure was described in 1980 as roughly circular, measuring approximately 36 metres north-west to south-east and 35 metres north-east to south-west. What survives is a bank reduced in places to a mere scarp, a low earthen edge rather than any upstanding feature. The western to north-eastern arc retains faint traces of a bank; from north-north-east to east-north-east this becomes a faint scarp; the south-eastern portion has been levelled almost completely and is now defined only by a modern field wall; and from the south-east round to the west, the outline has been further disrupted by a quarry hole. No entrance is visible anywhere along the perimeter. The interior carries a gentle slope facing north-east, and the monument as a whole is oval rather than truly circular when seen from above on aerial photography.
What makes this site quietly instructive is precisely its condition. The combination of agricultural levelling, a quarrying cut, and replacement by field boundaries represents a common fate for low-status earthworks across the Irish midlands, where centuries of pasture improvement have softened or erased the majority of such sites. That any trace survives at all, detectable as an earthwork from the air even where it is invisible on the ground, reflects how much information can persist in the subtlest irregularity of a field surface.