Ringfort (Rath), Tooreen, Co. Mayo

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Tooreen, Co. Mayo

Beneath the rough pasture of Tooreen in County Mayo, a circular earthwork has been quietly holding its shape for well over a thousand years.

It is a rath, a type of ringfort that was once among the most common settlement forms in early medieval Ireland, typically enclosing a farmstead and its associated buildings within an earthen bank. This one sits on an east-facing slope, and at thirty-three metres in diameter, it falls comfortably within the typical range for such structures, though it is now so heavily overgrown as to require a certain willingness to look carefully before its outline becomes legible in the landscape.

The enclosing bank survives to a height of around 1.1 metres, which, given the centuries of weathering and neglect that most unexcavated raths have endured, represents a reasonable state of preservation. More intriguing is the gap of eight metres on the eastern side of the bank, almost certainly the original entrance. East-facing entrances are common in Irish ringforts, possibly for reasons connected with orientation toward the morning sun, or simply because the prevailing winds in Ireland tend to arrive from the west and south-west, making an eastern opening the most sheltered practical choice. Whether this particular gap was always open or was once fitted with a timber gate is not something the earthwork itself can answer without excavation.

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