Ringfort (Rath), Townplots, Co. Mayo

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Ringfort (Rath), Townplots, Co. Mayo

What is most striking about this particular rath in Townplots West, County Mayo, is not the monument itself but its company.

Within a radius of roughly 250 metres, at least three other raths and an enclosure occupy the same undulating ground. Early medieval Ireland was thickly settled with these circular earthwork enclosures, and clusters do occur, but coming across four or five within easy walking distance of one another gives a rare and slightly eerie sense of a landscape that was once densely and deliberately organised.

A rath, broadly speaking, was a farmstead of the early medieval period, typically home to a single family of some local standing, and defined by one or more earthen banks and a fosse, the term for the accompanying ditch. This example sits on a low rise with good views, which was a sensible consideration for anyone keeping livestock and wanting to see what was coming. The raised circular area measures roughly 23.5 metres north to south and 24.5 metres east to west. Its earthen bank, widest at around 3.7 metres, still stands to a height of about 1.1 metres on the north-northwest side, though the interior face is far more worn, rising only about 0.2 metres. Beyond the bank runs a fosse approximately 2 metres wide, and along the southern to northeastern arc an external bank adds a further layer of enclosure. The original entrance is not obvious, but there is a faint suggestion of a causeway across the fosse on the eastern side, which was a common placement for rath entrances. Inside, the ground is uneven and scattered with small moss-covered hummocks, and the northeast quadrant sits noticeably higher than the rest. These irregularities may reflect the buried traces of structures once built against the inner bank. To the north and northeast, remnants of a later field ditch and bank skirt the outer edge of the monument, a sign that agricultural activity continued to press up against it long after its original use had ended.

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Pete F
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