Ringfort (Rath), Tullyleague, Co. Limerick

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Tullyleague, Co. Limerick

Most ringforts in Ireland have one enclosing bank.

The one at Tullyleague in County Limerick has three, arranged concentrically, which places it in a category that archaeologists associate with higher-status settlements from the early medieval period. A ringfort, or rath, was essentially a farmstead enclosed by one or more earthen banks and their corresponding ditches, known as fosses, and was typically home to a family of some standing in Gaelic society. Having three such enclosures was unusual enough to suggest this was no ordinary agricultural holding.

The site occupies a north-facing slope and is roughly sub-circular in plan, measuring approximately 36 metres north to south and 32 metres east to west. The three banks and their intervening fosses survive in varying condition. The inner bank stands around 0.95 metres on its exterior face, while the middle and outer banks are broadly similar in scale. A causeway across the fosses, roughly 2.5 metres wide, marks what would have been the original entrance at the south-south-east. The details were recorded by Denis Power, with the survey uploaded in August 2011. The main damage to the monument comes from a field boundary that clips the northern edge of the inner bank and truncates the middle and outer banks as it runs from the north-west around to the east and south-east. This is a familiar story for earthwork sites in agricultural landscapes, where modern field divisions have quietly dismantled the edges of structures that are otherwise over a thousand years old.

The site sits in pasture and is, according to the survey record, covered by dense overgrowth, which means the earthworks are likely easier to feel underfoot than to see clearly. The concentric pattern of banks is best appreciated by walking the circuit slowly, noting the rise and fall of the ground as each bank and fosse succeeds the last. The causeway at the south-south-east is the most legible feature, since the break in the banks and the corresponding crossing point over the fosses remain identifiable despite the encroachment of vegetation. Access depends on permission from the landowner, as the monument lies within working farmland.

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