Road - class 2 togher, Derraghan More, Co. Longford

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Road – class 2 togher, Derraghan More, Co. Longford

In the boglands of Derraghan More in County Longford, a fragment of ancient road survives in the peat, built not from stone or gravel but from timber laid carefully across wet ground.

It is a togher, the Irish term for a bog road, constructed by placing roundwood poles and brushwood lengthways and across one another to create a walkable surface over terrain that would otherwise be impassable. This particular example is classed as a type 2 togher, meaning it used a combination of longitudinal and transverse timbers to form a layered superstructure, a more considered piece of engineering than a simple bundle of branches thrown down in haste.

What survives measures roughly half a metre in length and depth, and about one and a half metres wide, oriented on a northeast to southwest alignment. The roundwood poles used in its construction were slender, between six and eight centimetres in diameter, and appear to have formed the upper working surface of the road. Beneath part of the structure, a layer of sand was found, suggesting that some preparation of the ground took place before the timber was laid. A single well-worked wedge point, fourteen centimetres in diameter, was also recovered from the site. Wedge points of this kind were typically sharpened stakes driven into soft ground to anchor or stabilise the timber above, and the care taken in shaping this one hints at deliberate, practised construction rather than improvised crossing.

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