It is a togher, a term for a timber trackway or causeway built across wet or boggy ground, and this particular example is classified as a class 3, meaning it belongs to a category of such routes identified and catalogued by researchers working through Ireland's wetland archaeology.

The Annaghbeg togher was noted during a field survey in 1988, with its orientation recorded and published by Raftery in 1990. Tогhers of this kind are among the more quietly remarkable survivals in the Irish archaeological record. Built from wood laid across unstable ground, they allowed people and animals to cross terrain that would otherwise have been impassable, and the anaerobic conditions of the bog have preserved timbers that would have rotted away centuries ago in open air. Ireland has produced hundreds of such trackways, ranging from simple arrangements of roundwood poles to more sophisticated constructions of split planks, and their distribution across the midland bogs points to patterns of movement, trade, and settlement that predate any written record.