Road - class 3 togher, Baunmore, Co. Kilkenny
Co. Kilkenny |
Roads & Tracks
Preserved beneath the bogland of Baunmore in County Kilkenny lies a stretch of ancient road that was never meant to cross solid ground.
A togher is a timber trackway laid across wet or boggy terrain, a practical solution to the problem of moving people and animals through landscapes that would otherwise swallow them whole. This particular example, a class 3 togher, is a modest but telling piece of engineering: just under one and a half metres wide and roughly eleven centimetres deep, constructed from roundwoods, brushwood, and what appears to be a half-split timber laid together to create a passable surface over waterlogged ground.
The trackway was identified in 1995 by the Irish Archaeological Wetland Unit, based at University College Dublin, during a pilot survey of the Littleton Works in the area. Bog surveys of this kind are painstaking exercises, often carried out ahead of drainage or peat extraction work, and they have been responsible for recovering some of the most remarkable organic material in Irish archaeology. Timber, in particular, survives extraordinarily well in anaerobic boggy conditions, meaning that structures which would have rotted away centuries ago in drier ground can remain intact, retaining details of construction and even tool marks. The classification system for toghers reflects variations in technique and material, and a class 3 example like this one represents a relatively straightforward approach, using available woodland material rather than more labour-intensive planking or mortised carpentry.
