Road - class 3 togher, Castletogher, Co. Galway

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Road – class 3 togher, Castletogher, Co. Galway

Buried for centuries beneath the bogland of Castletogher in County Galway, an ancient timber road has come to light only because a machine cut through the peat and exposed it in the face of the bank.

What emerged is a corduroy togher, a type of prehistoric or early medieval trackway built by laying split or rounded logs side by side across soft, waterlogged ground, like the rungs of a ladder pressed flat into the earth. The technique gave travellers a firm footing across terrain that would otherwise have been impassable, and the preserving qualities of peat mean that the timbers can survive in remarkable condition for thousands of years.

This example is classified as a Class 3 togher, a designation that reflects the relative complexity of its construction. Where simpler trackways might consist of little more than brushwood or loosely arranged timbers, a Class 3 road represents a more deliberate engineering effort, typically involving shaped or split planks laid transversely, sometimes with longitudinal runners or pegs to hold the surface in place. The bogland at Castletogher, like many raised bogs across the Irish midlands and west, accumulated slowly over millennia, sealing whatever lay at its margins or beneath its surface. The particular exposure here, in the cut face of a machine-harvested peat bank, is a reminder that commercial and domestic turf-cutting has been one of the primary ways such structures come to light, often as much by accident as by archaeological intent.

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