Road - class 3 togher, Coolnahinch, Co. Longford
Co. Longford |
Roads & Tracks
Buried in the boglands of Coolnahinch in County Longford lies a road that was never meant to last, yet somehow did.
It is a togher, the Irish term for a trackway built across waterlogged or marshy ground, constructed from layers of timber laid directly into the wet earth. This particular example runs east-northeast to west-southwest, stretches 2.5 metres wide, and survives to a depth of just seven centimetres, a thin but legible record of deliberate engineering in a landscape that would otherwise have been impassable.
Toghers were a practical solution to a real problem. Ireland's midlands were, for much of prehistory and the early medieval period, threaded with bog, marsh, and fen, and moving people, animals, or goods across such terrain required something more than good intentions. Builders of this togher used a combination of techniques: transverse and longitudinal roundwood, meaning timber laid both across and along the direction of travel, supplemented with brushwood, the smaller, more flexible material used to fill gaps and add stability. The species chosen, ash, birch, and oak, are all native Irish hardwoods, each with different working properties, and their presence together suggests the builders used what was available locally rather than selecting timber for any single quality. The classification as a class 3 togher reflects a typology used to categorise these structures by their construction method, with different classes distinguished by how their timbers are arranged and combined.
