Road - class 3 togher, Derrynagran, Co. Longford
Co. Longford |
Roads & Tracks
Buried in the bogland of Derrynagran in County Longford lies the remnant of a road that was never paved, never kerbed, and almost certainly never noticed by anyone except the people who built it and, millennia later, the archaeologists who found it.
It is a togher, the Irish term for a trackway laid across wet or marshy ground, and this particular example is modest even by the standards of its type: just 1.4 metres wide and barely 10 centimetres deep, oriented northeast to southwest across ground that would otherwise have been impassable.
The construction method is straightforward but quietly ingenious. Bundles of hazel brushwood, each branch averaging around 36 millimetres in diameter, were laid transversely, that is, across the line of travel rather than along it, and compacted into a single dense layer. Occasional longitudinal pieces were woven or placed among them for stability. Hazel was a practical choice, flexible and relatively abundant in the woodland margins that would have fringed Irish wetlands, and this kind of brushwood trackway represents one of the earliest forms of engineered infrastructure in the country. Toghers of varying complexity have been found across the Irish midlands, where the raised bogs preserved organic material that would long since have rotted away on drier ground. This example was recorded by the Irish Archaeological Wetland Unit, based at University College Dublin, as part of broader efforts to document the archaeological wealth locked beneath Ireland's peatlands before drainage and cutting stripped it away.