Road - class 3 togher, Lissan, Co. Clare
Co. Clare |
Roads & Tracks
Beneath the tidal muds on the west bank of the Fergus estuary in County Clare, there lies a road that almost no one has seen.
It is a togher, the Irish term for a timber trackway built across soft or waterlogged ground, and this particular example is buried under roughly ten to fifteen centimetres of compact estuarine clay, invisible from the surface and accessible only to excavation. What has been exposed amounts to a panel just 1.4 metres long and 0.7 metres wide, constructed using the post-and-wattle technique, in which upright posts are woven through with flexible rods or branches to create a surface capable of bearing weight across ground that would otherwise be impassable. The structure runs north to south, and further remains are thought to extend at least two metres beyond the exposed section, still locked in the clay.
A radiocarbon date taken from a roundwood sample recovered from the structure returned a calibrated range of AD 1669 to 1942, which places its construction somewhere in the post-medieval period, though the span is wide enough to allow considerable uncertainty. What is less uncertain is the landscape it once served. The Fergus estuary is an intertidal environment, one that has shifted and silted over centuries, and the togher would have provided a crossing or a path through ground that was treacherous on foot. Similar trackways are known from estuarine and boggy contexts across Ireland, where communities built and rebuilt routes through difficult terrain using whatever timber was locally available. The research and documentation of this example was published by Aidan O'Sullivan in 2001, as part of a broader survey of such structures around the Fergus estuary, where it appears under the designation Fergus estuary west 2.