Rock art, Derrynablaha, Co. Kerry
Co. Kerry |
Settlement Sites
On a steep, south-westerly slope in the upland heath of Derrynablaha, at around 182 metres above sea level, a small sandstone boulder sits among a scatter of other stones on the hillside.
Nothing about its size would draw much attention; it measures roughly 1.35 metres by 0.8 metres, and stands less than a metre high. But its flat upper surface is covered almost entirely in prehistoric carvings, concentrated towards the southern half and divided across the middle by a natural fracture in the rock. What makes it genuinely unusual is the density and variety of motifs compressed into that modest space: approximately thirty-three cupmarks, several rings, a cup-and-ring combination, linear grooves, and a small depressed square enclosed by a partial ring in the south-west corner, a motif that sits outside the more familiar repertoire of Irish prehistoric rock art. Cupmarks, to be clear, are simply shallow, roughly circular depressions pecked or ground into stone, among the most common yet least understood marks left by prehistoric people across Atlantic Europe.
The boulder attracted scholarly attention as early as 1963, when the researcher Anati documented it along with what he described as a megalithic wall, a stone circle, and a barrow in close proximity. Later analysis suggested he had been somewhat generous in his interpretations: the wall appears to have been an old field boundary, the supposed stone circle the remnants of a wall enclosing a hummock, and the barrow a poorly defined circular area outlined by natural outcrop. All of these features lie to the south-west of the carved stone. The rock art itself, however, is well-preserved. One of the more intricate motifs on the lower, south-eastern section of the surface consists of a central cupmark enclosed by seven smaller cupmarks, the whole arrangement then surrounded by a ringmark, giving it a quality that is more composed and deliberate than the surrounding scatter of individual marks. A radial line extends outward from one of the smaller circular forms, and an oval ring nearby encloses a further seven cupmarks.
The lichen growth that now covers much of the surface can make the motifs difficult to read in flat or bright light, but they become considerably more legible in low, raking sunlight, particularly in the early morning or late afternoon when shadows pick out the shallow relief of the carvings. The boulder sits in open pasture on a working hillside, with the remains of a drystone field wall a few metres to the south-west and a broader spread of boulders to the north-east.