Rock art, Letter, Co. Kerry

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Settlement Sites

Rock art, Letter, Co. Kerry

A low, weathered sandstone outcrop sitting in upland heath in County Kerry holds something that rewards patient attention: a surface covered in prehistoric carved marks, some of them possibly representing a map of the surrounding landscape.

The rock is modest in scale, measuring roughly 3.30 metres north to south and 1.80 metres east to west, rising no more than 40 centimetres at its highest point. It barely interrupts the ground, yet across most of its gently northeast-facing surface, earlier people left an unusually dense arrangement of carvings that has survived, if only just, beneath centuries of weathering and encroaching peat.

The decorative vocabulary here is broadly typical of Irish prehistoric rock art: cupmarks, the shallow circular depressions, often only a few millimetres deep, that appear on carved stones throughout Atlantic Europe during the Neolithic and Bronze Age periods, are present in abundance, with twenty-six identified across the surface and a further three on the raised northern end. More intriguing is a possible cup-and-ring motif near the western edge, where a small cupmark is encircled by a ring of pickmarks, a motif found widely across western Britain and Ireland though rarely fully understood. What sets this site apart, though, is the network of meandering lines picked across the surface, along with a distinct one-metre line terminating in a shallow cupmark. Researchers have suggested these wandering lines might represent routeways between settlements, effectively a carved map of the local terrain. The rock sits at 174 metres above sea level, overlooking the Behy River valley to the northeast, with mountains rising from the southeast around to the northeast, and a trackway running just seven metres to the southeast. Whether or not the lines were ever intended as a map, the correspondence between the carved landscape and the actual one is difficult to dismiss entirely.

The site was first identified as rock art by Aoibheann Lambe in 2014, and a second rock art site lies only four metres to the south-southwest. Peat still covers the northern margins of the decorated surface, meaning further motifs may yet remain undocumented beneath it.

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