site of Church, Sanctuary, Co. Wexford
Co. Wexford |
Churches & Chapels
The graveyard that now occupies a quiet corner of Ballyrane townland in County Wexford is rectangular, modest, and gives nothing away.
There are no visible traces of any older building within its bounds, no carved stone, no tumbled wall, no foundation line showing through the grass. Yet beneath or close to this unremarkable plot lies the site of a medieval parish church whose name carries the memory of an early Irish holy woman connected to one of the most celebrated saints in Irish Christian tradition.
The parish is called Killinick, a name derived from Inick, recorded around 1680 by a writer named Synnott as one of the seven daughters of Hugh. Scholars of early Irish hagiography have identified this Inick with St. Angais of Killart in County Kildare, one of three daughters of Aodh, son of Eirnín, who were counted among the spiritual community under St. Brigid of Kildare. The association places the origins of this site within the dense web of early medieval female sanctity that clustered around Brigid's influence. By 1615, the church was functioning within the established Protestant order: a visitation by Thomas Ram, the bishop of Ferns, recorded that Jacob Stafford served as curate and that the church and chancel were in good repair. The building did not survive indefinitely in that form, however. A church built in 1828 came to occupy what John O'Donovan understood to be the same ground, though later Ordnance Survey mapping places the earlier church site to the south of the present St. Enoch's Church of Ireland building in Ballyrane. The 1839 edition of the six-inch Ordnance Survey map adds a further detail that makes the shift in shape of this site particularly striking: it shows a circular graveyard of around thirty metres in diameter at that location. The current enclosure is rectangular, roughly forty metres east to west and thirty-five metres north to south. Circular graveyards in Ireland are frequently associated with early ecclesiastical foundations, where the curved boundary echoes pre-Norman patterns of sacred enclosure. The change from circle to rectangle, somewhere between 1839 and 1940, is the kind of quiet transformation that erases early landscapes with no particular drama and very little record.