Site of Kilteera Grave Yard, Dromore, Co. Waterford
Co. Waterford |
Burial Grounds
A grass-covered circle sitting quietly in riverside pasture near Dromore, County Waterford, this ancient cemetery looks modest enough from the outside: a low stone bank, a slight scarp, a small mound on the north-east perimeter. What makes it quietly extraordinary is what lies beneath, and what was built on top. The site shows no fosse, which is the defensive ditch commonly found around enclosed early medieval sites, and no recognisable entrance in its current form. On the 1840 Ordnance Survey six-inch map it appears D-shaped rather than circular, the straight western edge belonging not to any original design but to a stone-faced wall, roughly 36 metres long, that was constructed across the burials at a later date.
When R. A. S. Macalister excavated the interior in 1935, he found that the cemetery had developed in layers. Beneath the stony soils lay two nearly parallel ditches, perhaps the outline of an earlier enclosure with a different centre to the one visible above ground today. Above these ditches, 52 inhumations had been laid out, most of them extended with the head placed to the west, a burial orientation typical of Early Christian practice in Ireland, though a handful may have been interred in the older crouched position associated with prehistoric burial. The later stone wall built across the western side of the cemetery was examined earlier, in the 1870s, by R. R. Brash, who mistook the stone-lined entrance through it for a cist, a type of stone-box grave. There was no evidence of a church ever having stood here. More remarkable than the burials themselves are the ogham stones associated with the site. Ogham is an early medieval script in which letters are represented by notches and strokes cut along the edge of a stone, used primarily for commemorative inscriptions. Two ogham stones are built into the later western wall, apparently recycled from their original function; two further fragments, found by Macalister during his excavation, are now held at the National Museum of Ireland. All four were probably grave-markers, repurposed when the enclosing wall was constructed, their inscriptions turned from memorials into building material.