Souterrain, Ardagh, Co. Kerry

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Settlement Sites

Souterrain, Ardagh, Co. Kerry

In a field at Ardagh in north Kerry, a shallow square depression sits at the centre of an ancient earthwork, roughly 3.6 metres on each side.

To the casual eye it might read as a natural hollow, a soft place in the ground where water gathers. To archaeologists, it suggests something more deliberate: the roof of a souterrain, a stone-lined underground passage or chamber built during the early medieval period, has likely given way and sunk inward over the centuries.

The depression sits within a circular univallate rath, a single-banked ringfort of the kind that dots the Irish countryside in the thousands. This particular example is well preserved, its enclosing bank rising to 2.8 metres on the outer face and 2.2 metres above the interior floor, dimensions that speak to the original effort invested in its construction. What distinguishes this site is the suggestion of not one but two souterrain features in close proximity. A separate set of souterrain remains was recorded a few metres to the east, in the same field, raising the possibility that the two were once connected, part of the same underground system associated with whoever occupied the rath. Souterrains were typically used for storage and possibly refuge, cut or built beneath the living area of a settlement and sometimes extending considerable distances underground. The relationship between the central depression and the eastern remains was recorded in the North Kerry Archaeological Survey, compiled by C. Toal and published in 1995.

The site sits quietly in agricultural land, and the bank of the rath itself is the most visible feature from ground level. The depression at the centre is subtle rather than dramatic, and without knowing what to look for it would be easy to walk past it entirely.

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