Souterrain, Ballinderry, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Settlement Sites
A small mound of clay in a meadow on a west-facing slope in County Tipperary is the only outward sign that something more complex lies beneath.
The capstone sits just thirty centimetres below the field surface, and the structure underneath it has, since its accidental discovery, been slowly filling with clay. Nothing about the ground here announces itself; there is no earthwork, no ring, no visible enclosure of any kind around the site.
The souterrain, an underground stone-built passage or chamber complex typically associated with early medieval settlement in Ireland and often used for storage or refuge, came to light in 1993 when the landowner was digging for a water pipe. A report made by Holland for the Tipperary South Riding County Museum on 18th June of that year describes what was found: a two-chamber structure built from well-laid limestone drystone walling, the single accessible chamber roughly rectangular with rounded corners and an estimated internal height of around three metres to where the capstones would have sat. The chamber was flooded at the time of inspection. In the eastern end wall, a small low opening called a creep, the narrow connecting passage typical of multi-chamber souterrains, leads via a short angled passage southward into a second corbelled chamber. That second space was already inaccessible in 1993. More intriguingly, the landowner reported a blocked creep within that second chamber, also oriented southward, raising the possibility of a third chamber or further passage beyond. Whether that third space exists, and what condition it might be in, remains unknown.
The site is now effectively sealed. The first chamber has filled with clay, and both the second chamber and the possible third remain unreachable. What a visitor encounters today is that low mound of clay in the meadow, the only surface evidence of a structure that may extend considerably further underground than has ever been properly examined.