Souterrain, Coolnaharragill, Co. Kerry

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Settlement Sites

Souterrain, Coolnaharragill, Co. Kerry

Beneath a field in Coolnaharragill, on the Iveragh Peninsula in County Kerry, lies a stone-built underground passage complex that has left no trace whatsoever on the surface above it.

A souterrain, the term given to the dry-stone subterranean chambers and tunnels built throughout early medieval Ireland, typically for storage or refuge, this particular example was found entirely by accident in April 1944, when County Council workers broke through into it while carrying out work inside the enclosure of a caher, the Irish word for a stone ringfort.

When the discovery was reported in the Irish Press and Cork Examiner in early April of that year, the structure was described in unusually precise terms. Three chambers had been uncovered, each measuring roughly ten feet long, four and a half feet wide, and five feet high, dimensions that suggest a carefully constructed and quite deliberate underground space. Connecting two of the chambers was a low creepway, and this passage appeared to have been fitted with an arch stone or porthole slab, a feature sometimes found in Irish souterrains where a deliberately narrowed or closeable opening would have slowed the progress of any unwanted intruder. The effect would have been to force anyone moving through the tunnel to crawl and to pass through a bottleneck, giving occupants inside a defensive advantage. The structure sat within the interior of a caher, a type of stone enclosure associated with early medieval settlement, which adds a degree of context; souterrains are frequently found within such enclosures across Kerry and the wider south-west of Ireland.

Today, nothing of the souterrain is visible from the ground. Whatever disruption the 1944 discovery caused has long since been smoothed over, and the site presents as ordinary farmland. The underground chambers, if they still survive intact, remain entirely out of sight and out of reach.

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