Souterrain, Gowlane, Co. Kerry
Co. Kerry |
Settlement Sites
On the Dingle Peninsula, a shallow hollow in the ground is almost all that remains visible of a souterrain, one of those stone-lined underground passages or chambers that early medieval communities in Ireland built beneath their settlements, most likely for storage or refuge.
The entrance was deliberately blocked up at some point, on the practical grounds that open underground voids are a hazard to grazing cattle. That pragmatic closure is now the site's most telling feature: a faint depression near the north-west edge of a raised platform, easy to walk past without a second thought.
The site is known locally as An Chathairín, a name that carries more information than it might appear to. A cathair is a stone ringfort, and the diminutive form suggests a small one. The enclosure is generally classified in the archaeological record as a rath, the more common earthen ringfort type, but the placename and what appears to be the buried remains of an earlier stone wall beneath the existing one both point towards the site having originally been a cashel, that is, a ringfort defined by a dry-stone wall rather than an earthen bank and ditch. This kind of stratigraphic ambiguity is not unusual on the Dingle Peninsula, where settlement was dense and long-lived, and later earthworks sometimes obscure or replace earlier stone construction. The site was documented by J. Cuppage in the 1986 Corca Dhuibhne archaeological survey of the Ballyferriter area, a substantial study of the remarkable concentration of monuments along this stretch of the Kerry coast.