Souterrain, Kilgilky, Co. Cork

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Souterrain, Kilgilky, Co. Cork

Beneath a field of pasture in Kilgilky, north County Cork, there is, or once was, an underground passage that has effectively erased itself from the landscape.

A souterrain, the term used for the dry-stone roofed tunnels and chambers that early medieval communities constructed beneath their settlements, usually for storage or refuge, once lay here in the grazing land to the west of a local ringfort. Today there is nothing at the surface to suggest it ever existed.

The only record of its presence comes from a 1934 observation by a researcher named Bowman, who noted that a souterrain, by then already filled in, had been found approximately fifteen yards to the west of the adjacent ringfort. Souterrains of this kind were typically associated with ringforts, the circular enclosed farmsteads that dot the Irish countryside in their thousands and date broadly to the early medieval period. The two features, fort and underground passage, were often paired, with the souterrain accessible from within the enclosed area and serving as a place to keep dairy produce cool or, in times of threat, to conceal people or goods. Whether the filling of this particular example was deliberate or the result of gradual collapse and agricultural pressure is not recorded.

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