Souterrain, Raffeen, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Settlement Sites
What remains of the souterrain at Raffeen, County Cork, is nothing at all.
The site has been entirely destroyed by quarrying, leaving only a brief written observation as its epitaph. That observation, made by O'Leary in 1919, noted two hollows on the west side of a lios, the Irish word for a ringfort enclosure, and interpreted them as evidence of souterrains beneath. A souterrain is an underground stone-built passage or chamber, typically constructed during the early medieval period and associated with ringforts; they served variously as storage spaces, places of refuge, or means of concealed escape.
The site sat within what was identified as a possible ringfort, a class of monument that numbers in the tens of thousands across Ireland and represents the typical farmstead of the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to twelfth centuries. O'Leary's reading of those two depressions as the collapsed or subsided rooflines of souterrains was a reasonable one; such hollowing is a common surface indicator of underground chambers whose capstones have gradually given way. Whether the souterrains were ever properly excavated or recorded before the quarrying removed them is not known, which means whatever lay beneath, any artefacts, structural details, or dating evidence, is gone without trace.