Standing stone, Cullaun, Co. Tipperary

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Stone Monuments

Standing stone, Cullaun, Co. Tipperary

One of the more curious entries in Irish prehistory is a standing stone in the Tipperary townland of Cullaun that no longer appears to exist above ground, yet still carries the designation of a National Monument.

Its absence is almost beside the point, because the stone was only ever one small piece of something far stranger: a sprawling concentration of more than two hundred standing stones spread across the neighbouring townlands of Cullaun and Timoney Hills, one of the largest such groupings in Ireland and one that continues to resist easy explanation.

When an Inspector of National Monuments surveyed the area in 1934 to 1936, he counted 221 stones still in place, 173 of them in Timoney Hills and 48 in Cullaun, all of red sandstone or conglomerate, standing between roughly three and six feet in height. His description was frank about what made the group so puzzling: the stones do not appear to follow any particular arrangement, with one exception, a stone circle in Cullaun that stands out from the otherwise irregular scatter. A later map, published in the Archaeological Survey of Ikerrin by Stout in 1984, recorded 245 stones in total, of which 70 had already been removed, along with five cairns, a type of ancient stone mound, that have also since disappeared. The stone recorded as 4B on the original survey map, the specific monument designated National Monument No. 353 and located in Cullaun, left no surface trace at all. The whole complex sits within the landscaped estate of Timoney Park, which was the estate of the Parker-Hutchinson family, and that context introduces a nagging uncertainty: the possibility that at least some of the stones were placed or rearranged as part of deliberate estate landscaping, rather than representing an unbroken ancient tradition. Whether the group is genuinely prehistoric, partially contrived, or something in between remains an open question.

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