Standing stone, Timoney Hills, Co. Tipperary

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Stone Monuments

Standing stone, Timoney Hills, Co. Tipperary

Scattered across undulating pasture in County Tipperary, the standing stones of Timoney Hills present an immediate puzzle: there are an awful lot of them, they follow no obvious pattern, and nobody is entirely certain how old they are.

The stone recorded here is a roughly square-sectioned block of just over a metre in height, one of 17 identified in a single field alone, and itself just one fragment of what was once a far larger concentration spread across two adjoining townlands.

When the Inspector of National Monuments surveyed the area between 1934 and 1936, he counted 221 stones still standing or lying prostrate, 173 in the townland of Timoney Hills and a further 48 in neighbouring Cullaun. Even that figure represented a reduced total; a map published in the Archaeological Survey of Ikerrin, compiled by Stout in 1984, recorded 245 stones in all, of which 70 had already been removed, along with five cairns that have since disappeared entirely. The stones are all of red sandstone or conglomerate, ranging from roughly 0.9 to 1.8 metres in height, and the 1936 inspector noted that they appear to follow no particular arrangement, apart from one recognisable stone circle in Cullaun. That absence of obvious order has made interpretation difficult. A standing stone, in the general archaeological sense, is simply an upright slab or pillar set into the ground, most commonly associated in Ireland with the Bronze Age, though their precise purposes remain debated. What the Timoney grouping was for, if it was indeed ancient, is unclear.

That last qualification matters. The stones sit within the landscaped estate of Timoney Park, formerly the Parker-Hutchinson estate, and their location on a designed demesne landscape has led some to question whether the concentration is genuinely prehistoric or whether, at least in part, it reflects the improvisational enthusiasm of estate improvement. The individual stone recorded here shows no packing stones around its base, which is the kind of detail that might be expected if it had been set firmly into the ground in antiquity. It is a small but telling absence, and it leaves the site suspended between the genuinely ancient and the ornamentally arranged.

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