Structure, Portmarnock, Co. Dublin

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Utility Structures

Structure, Portmarnock, Co. Dublin

Most people passing through Portmarnock today associate it with golf links and a stretch of north Dublin coastline, so it comes as a mild surprise to learn that a substantial medieval settlement once occupied ground along Station Road.

When excavations were carried out under licence number 08E0376, archaeologists uncovered not a single building but an organised community of six property plots, each carefully divided into toft and croft areas. A toft was the ground immediately surrounding a house, the domestic core of a plot, while the croft was the cultivated land attached to it. The whole settlement measured somewhere between 50 and 70 metres north to south and around 110 metres east to west, a scale that speaks to a settled, functioning neighbourhood rather than a fleeting occupation.

The most closely examined of the six plots, known as Plot 1, measured roughly 16 to 17 metres east to west and 64 metres in length, defined by a series of shallow inter-cutting ditches. At its northern end sat the remains of a stone building approximately 15 metres across, with a metalled yard, a well, and rubbish pits to the rear. The stone walls had been largely robbed out during the 17th century, a common fate for dressed or useful stone when a building fell out of use and neighbours needed materials. What survived was enough to identify a doorway roughly 2.1 metres wide in the southern wall, a packed clay floor, hearth remains, and the foundations of an internal partition. Radiocarbon dating placed the main period of occupation between AD 1491 and 1642, suggesting the site was most active through the 16th and into the early 17th century. The artefact assemblage recovered was considerable: over 2,000 sherds of medieval pottery, mainly Leinster cooking ware and Dublin-type wares produced locally, along with more than 3,000 metal objects. Food waste told its own story, including butchered animal bone, carbonised grains, and quantities of seashell, cockles, mussels, oysters, periwinkles, and razor shell, evidence of a community making use of the nearby coast as a reliable food source.

The site on Station Road is not marked or publicly interpreted in any formal way; it was excavated ahead of development and the findings documented by Moriarty in 2009. Visitors with an interest in the archaeology of medieval Dublin's hinterland would find the published record more rewarding than a visit to the location itself, which gives little away above ground. The real interest lies in what the excavation revealed about ordinary life on the edge of a coastal settlement, the layout of plots, the diet, the pottery in daily use, and the slow dismantling of stone walls by people who simply needed the materials for something else.

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