Ringfort (Cashel), Cill Mhuirbhigh, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Cashel), Cill Mhuirbhigh, Co. Galway

Most visitors to Inis Mór head straight for the dramatic clifftop enclosure of Dún Aonghasa, and in doing so they walk past the quieter, more ambiguous sites that fill out the island's extraordinary density of early settlement.

On a local hill summit overlooking the townland of Fearann an Choirce to the north-west sits a cashel known locally as Dún Beag, a name that translates simply as "the small fort". It is poorly preserved, its drystone wall now largely grassed over and sinking back into the landscape, and its oval outline, measuring roughly 70 metres north to south and 36.5 metres east to west, is more felt than seen from a distance. A cashel is a stone-walled ringfort, the dry-built equivalent of the earthen raths found more commonly across Ireland, and this one sits in a condition that rewards careful attention rather than a quick glance.

What makes Dún Beag worth pausing over is the complexity still legible within its ruined fabric. The wall survives best at the north-east, and a gap there may represent the original entrance. Immediately outside that gap, a small quadrilateral annexe is enclosed by its own ruined drystone wall, with a blocked-up lintelled entranceway also facing north-east. Inside the cashel itself, three clochans survive. Clochans are dry-stone corbelled structures, sometimes called beehive huts, built without mortar using a technique of overlapping stones that allows each course to project slightly inward until the roof closes. Their presence alongside the annexe suggests this was once a functioning settlement of some complexity, not merely a defensive enclosure. The site was noted by Kinahan as early as 1869 and later by Tim Robinson in 1980, whose meticulous mapping of the Aran Islands brought renewed attention to monuments like this one.

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