Ringfort (Cashel), Spunkane, Co. Kerry

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Ringfort (Cashel), Spunkane, Co. Kerry

Beneath the overgrowth and centuries of accumulated field clearance on a low ridge above Lough Currane in south Kerry, there is more here than first appears.

What looks from the outside like a lumpy, grass-covered bank is in fact a caher, a type of Irish stone ringfort built from drystone walling, with inner and outer faces enclosing a rubble core. The problem is that generations of farmers clearing nearby land have dumped the debris against the walls, in some places swelling a wall that was originally around 2.7 metres wide to nearly 6 metres. The entrance has been entirely swallowed up, and the interior is thick with vegetation. Only the difference in height between the inside and outside, and the rough circular shape with an internal diameter of roughly 16 metres, confirms what you are looking at.

What makes the site genuinely unusual is what lies underground. A souterrain, an artificial underground passage of the kind commonly associated with early medieval settlement in Ireland, runs beneath the enclosure in a sequence of three linked passages. An opening in the northwest quadrant, barely 70 centimetres wide and 60 centimetres tall, leads into the first passage, which runs roughly north to south for 3.3 metres, roofed with stone slabs and walled in earth. A lintelled creepway, just 50 by 30 centimetres, connects it to a second, longer passage of 4.7 metres, this one tall enough to stand in at 1.3 metres. A third passage, aligned east to west, is now inaccessible, its drystone side-walls and slab roof intact but the way in blocked. An investigator named O'Connell, working for the Office of Public Works in 1937, entered the souterrain through an opening in what was then the southeast outer wall of the caher; that opening has since been buried under field clearance material. In the southwest quadrant of the enclosure, the possible remains of a circular hut some 4 metres in diameter can still be made out, hinting at the domestic life once contained within these walls.

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