Ringfort, Currafarry, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Ringforts
On a north-facing slope in County Galway, a subcircular earthwork sits quietly in grassland, its dimensions slightly lopsided in a way that suggests it grew around the contours of the land rather than being imposed upon them.
Measuring roughly 57 metres north to south and 35 metres east to west, it is defined by a raised bank and an external fosse, the ditch that runs around the outside of the bank and was intended to make any approach across it awkward. A gap on the eastern side appears to be original, meaning the entrance people used more than a thousand years ago is still, in outline, the entrance you would use today.
This is a rath, the most common type of early medieval settlement monument in Ireland, typically dating from roughly the sixth to the tenth centuries. A rath was essentially a defended farmstead, the bank and fosse enclosing a family's house, outbuildings, and livestock rather than marking any military fortification in the modern sense. What distinguishes this particular example is the probable presence of a souterrain within the interior. A souterrain is an underground stone-built passage or chamber, usually associated with storage, perhaps for dairy produce, or as a place of refuge during raids. They are found beneath many raths, though they are not universal, and their presence here suggests a household of some means and organisation. The site is described as well-preserved, which is notable given how many comparable earthworks across the country have been levelled by agriculture over the centuries.