Ringfort (Rath), Dooneen, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Dooneen, Co. Kerry

Two ringforts sitting side by side, separated only by a small stream, is an unusual enough arrangement on its own.

At Dooneen in County Kerry, that pairing is made stranger still by the landscape they occupy: the edge of an old meander scarp above the Ferta river, a position where the natural topography clearly mattered as much to whoever built these enclosures as any earthwork they raised themselves. A rath, to use the Irish term, is a roughly circular earthen enclosure, typically dating from the early medieval period and associated with a farmstead or small settlement. To find two adjoining examples here, each with traces of habitation inside, is the kind of detail that rarely makes it into the broader conversation about Kerry's archaeology.

The western rath is the more worn of the two. A field wall has been built across its southern bank, obscuring that section, and the interior, which measures roughly 22 metres north to south and 17.5 metres east to west, is heavily overgrown. What makes it particularly interesting is what a researcher named Ua Riain recorded on a visit in 1927: a smaller circle within the enclosure, close to the western bank and about 5.8 metres in diameter, which he interpreted as a probable hut site, along with a souterrain on its eastern side. A souterrain is an underground stone-lined passage, often used for storage or as a place of refuge, and their presence in ringforts across Ireland is well documented. Neither feature can now be identified on the ground. The eastern rath is better preserved. Its external fosse, a defensive ditch running from north to southeast, averages 3.5 metres wide, and the enclosing bank rises nearly two metres above it along that arc. The stream that divides the two sites curves around the southern perimeter of this rath and appears to have served as a natural complement to the earthwork defences. Inside, a large circular hut, now entirely sod-covered, retains walls averaging 1.15 metres wide and an entrance gap of 2.6 metres facing east.

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