Ringfort (Rath), Gortagowan, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Gortagowan, Co. Kerry

At the eastern edge of the Tahilla river valley, a roughly circular earthwork sits in boggy pasture with a view southward across Kenmare Bay toward the Beara Peninsula.

What makes it quietly odd is not its survival, which is patchy at best, but what appears to be happening beneath its surface. At the centre of the enclosure, a low mound carries a rectangular depression on its western side, roughly five and a half metres long, two metres wide, and a metre deep. That depression may be the collapsed roof of a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage or chamber typically associated with early medieval settlement, used variously for storage, refuge, or both. If so, the mound beside it may represent the remains of a hut site, meaning this interior could once have held a small but legible domestic arrangement, a dwelling above ground and a hidden chamber below.

The enclosure itself is a univallate rath, meaning it has a single surrounding bank rather than the multiple concentric earthworks that signal higher-status sites. Its internal diameter runs to about thirty metres, broadly typical for a ringfort of this kind, which would have housed a farming family sometime in the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to twelfth centuries. The bank is considerably degraded, and along the southern stretch it has slumped to the level of the interior. It survives best on the eastern side, where it still stands 2.45 metres high on the outer face and nearly five metres wide at the base. A two-metre stretch of stone facing remains visible at the east-northeast, revetting the inner face of the bank to a height of 0.65 metres. A gap in the bank to the east, about 1.6 metres wide, is thought to be a later addition rather than the original entrance. Faint traces of an external fosse, a ditch dug to enhance the defensive profile of the bank, survive from the northeast around to the southwest, still measurable at around 2.45 metres wide and 0.8 metres below the surrounding ground level. Running across the interior are old cultivation ridges, evidence that the enclosed space was worked as farmland at some point after the rath ceased to function as a settlement.

The site was surveyed and documented by A. O'Sullivan and J. Sheehan as part of their archaeological survey of the Iveragh Peninsula, published by Cork University Press in 1996.

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