Ringfort (Rath), Liscat, Co. Mayo

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Liscat, Co. Mayo

At Liscat in County Mayo, a ringfort sits on a gentle rise above a wide sweep of boggy lowland, and half of it is simply gone.

Where the interior of the enclosure once stood, there is now a quarry pit roughly two metres deep, cut into what would have been the original ground surface. The missing northeast half was removed entirely at some point after the fort was built, leaving a blunt wound where Early Medieval domestic life, or at least the earthworks that enclosed it, used to be.

A ringfort, or rath, is a roughly circular enclosure defined by an earthen bank and ditch, used during the Early Medieval period in Ireland as a defended farmstead. The Liscat example is broadly oval, measuring around 38 metres on its northwest to southeast axis and approximately 43 metres across the northeast to southwest. What survives is defined by a scarp, a sloped earthen edge rather than a freestanding bank, rising to about 1.3 metres on the southeast to northwest arc. Along the western side there is faint evidence of a fosse, a defensive ditch, roughly 3.5 metres wide, and beyond it a field bank that partly follows the curve of the old ditch and may be the remnant of an original outer bank. A slight rise to the northwest could be a second levelled outer bank, though both features are tentative. The quarrying operation that destroyed the northeast interior entered through a 15-metre break in the scarp on the north-northwest to north side, and a low curved rim on the east edge of the pit may actually preserve the line of the original enclosure perimeter, essentially the only surviving trace of that half of the monument. A later field boundary to the south cuts slightly into the scarp, adding one more layer of modification to a site that has been quietly altered, piecemeal, across many centuries.

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