Ringfort (Rath), Rakane, Co. Cavan

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Rakane, Co. Cavan

In a field in Rakane, County Cavan, the ground rises in a broad, deliberate circle that most people would walk past without a second thought.

What they would be missing is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, the most common type of early medieval settlement in the Irish landscape. These were typically enclosed farmsteads, home to a single family or small community, protected by an earthen bank and a surrounding ditch known as a fosse. This one has an internal diameter of roughly 35 metres, which places it at a fairly substantial size, suggesting it was once a site of some local significance.

The Ordnance Survey mapped it simply as 'Fort' on both its 1836 and 1876 editions, which tells us that it was still legible in the landscape throughout the nineteenth century, recognisable enough to be marked and named even as the countryside around it was being systematically recorded for the first time. What survives today is considerably reduced. The earthen bank remains in some form, and the faintest trace of the fosse, the shallow defensive ditch that once ran outside the bank, can still be made out on the west-north-west side. Elsewhere, from the north-west around through the east and south, both the bank and fosse have been levelled, most likely through centuries of agricultural activity. The original entrance, which in intact ringforts is often identifiable as a deliberate gap in the enclosing bank, is no longer recognisable here.

What remains is, in one sense, a ruin of a ruin, a partial outline of something that was already ancient when the Ordnance Survey cartographers arrived to sketch it. But that partial outline, the raised ground, the surviving arc of earthwork, the ghost of a ditch on one side, still carries the geometry of a settlement that was once someone's entire world.

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Pete F
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