Souterrain, Na Cluainte, Co. Kerry

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Settlement Sites

Souterrain, Na Cluainte, Co. Kerry

In a low-lying pasture roughly half a mile from the south-western shore of Smerwick Harbour, a broad, irregular mound sits just above the level of the surrounding fields.

To a passing eye it might read as nothing more than a slight rise in the ground, yet beneath and within it are the remains of a souterrain, an underground stone-built passage and chamber system of the kind constructed throughout early medieval Ireland, typically for storage or refuge. What makes this one quietly interesting is what turned up inside: small deposits of cockle and periwinkle shells, and a fragment of a rotary quern, the upper disc still bearing a raised moulding around its central hole and the distinctive finishing technique known as "Kerry dressing" on its underside, a regional style documented by Caulfield in 1969 as characteristic of querns made in this part of the country.

When Manning of the Office of Public Works inspected the site in 1979, the mound measured roughly 18 metres east to west and 10 metres north to south, rising between one and one and a half metres above the field. A short passage, about two metres long and just over half a metre wide, led southward from the north-western edge of the mound. Its walls combined upright stone slabs at the base with drystone construction above, reaching a total height of around 85 to 90 centimetres. One chamber, which the passage originally opened into, had already been destroyed before the 1979 inspection; a second lay to the east. The original entrance was likely at the point where the passage met the mound's edge. Nearby, around eight to nine metres to the west, a semi-circular enclosure of uncertain date and function survives as a low, gapped stony bank enclosing an internal area of roughly 14 metres by 10 metres. Further west again, traces of old field walls and a house site, possibly post-medieval, were once visible but have since been largely lost to land reclamation. The drystone walling of the passage itself has mostly collapsed since 1979, though the mound and its general form remain much as they were.

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