Ringfort (Rath), Ballylarkin, Co. Kilkenny

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballylarkin, Co. Kilkenny

At Ballylarkin in County Kilkenny, an early medieval enclosure sits in the landscape having lost roughly half its original diameter to centuries of agricultural use and, more recently, to quarrying.

A rath is an earthen ringfort, a type of enclosed farmstead built predominantly between the sixth and tenth centuries, typically forming a raised circular platform bounded by one or more earthen banks and ditches. This one was mapped by the Ordnance Survey in 1839 as a roughly oval enclosure measuring approximately 68 metres north to south and 60 metres east to west, which gives a sense of how substantial it once appeared.

What survives today is considerably reduced. The interior now measures around 33 metres across, enclosed by a low, wide earthen bank, and the whole thing presents as a slightly domed, roughly circular platform. The bank along the western and north-western sector has been cut through and reworked by a field boundary running roughly north to south, the kind of gradual encroachment that has altered thousands of similar monuments across Ireland over centuries of farming. More abrupt is the damage to the north-east, where a quarry has eaten directly into that quadrant of the monument. The result is a site that is easier to read as a diminished thing than as the enclosed settlement it once was, though the domed interior and surviving bank still give a reasonable impression of the original form.

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